The scientific spacecraft MAVEN, which stands for Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution, entered orbit around Mars in 2014.

The mission was originally intended to operate for one or two years, but the probe remained active for more than a decade, until December 2025 when it lost contact with Earth.

After months of silence, NASA has resigned itself to the loss of the spacecraft, which is believed to still be in orbit around Mars.

The US space agency said Wednesday it would investigate the cause of the loss.

For Shannon Curry, an astrophysics professor involved in the flight, it was the "best Mars mission ever."

The probe enabled scientists to understand the phenomenon of atmospheric escape, which is the loss of atmospheric gases into space, Curry told reporters.

"We now have a better understanding of atmospheric escape at Mars than at any other planet, including Earth, and consequently Mars serves as an incredible natural laboratory for understanding rocky planet atmosphere," Curry said.

NASA exploration program chief Tiffany Morgan added that the MAVEN "profoundly advanced our understanding of Mars's atmosphere, climate history, and habitability."

The probe also served as a communications relay between Earth and the robots NASA has sent to the surface of the red planet.

Other orbiters will now have to pick up those relays.