But the gap of around $1.1 trillion was three percent below the corresponding period last year, according to Treasury figures.
From October to March, receipts rose by seven percent to reach a record of $2.2 trillion, while outlays rose by three percent to $3.2 trillion.
In particular, there was a 32 percent rise in gross corporate taxes collected and an increase in individual taxes as well, the Treasury said.
But a key factor adding to spending was interest paid on the public debt, which rose by 36 percent to $522 billion, after borrowing costs jumped.
Spending on defense military programs also picked up by six percent to $410 billion, while spending by the Social Security Administration was up eight percent to $741 billion.
In 2023, the US budget deficit widened to $1.7 trillion, a development that could pile pressure on President Joe Biden as he seeks reelection.
Last year's deficit expansion came on the back of lower tax revenues while interest rates remained elevated.
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